Evidence of the obsession with female breasts can be traced through the centuries - from cave paintings to modern industry fashion. The female breast is a universal symbol of sexuality, motherhood and womanhood. Breast surgery accounted for a significant portion of cosmetic surgery since its inception. These operations, especially breast augmentation, attract more media attention than other types of cosmetic surgery. This was a lot of writing, and, unfortunately, is not always objective. Our goal - to correct some misconceptions.
These are two different operations on the breast are described in one article, because the procedure, risks and results are the same. The main difference is that the breast lift incision is usually shorter and remove only the skin and some fat, while a decrease breast removed and more glandular tissue and associated fat. Sometimes, breast lift combined with breast augmentation to give the upper chest fullness and better shape. Enlarged breasts look rounder and younger than the naturally big.
Problems in patients are also somewhat different. Women with large, heavy breasts complain of back pain, neck and shoulders, numbness in arms and hands, headaches, and the fact that the bra straps cutting into shoulders or rubbing and irritation of the skin in the crease under the breast. Women with large breasts are more common menstrual disorders and certain types of physical activity.
According to studies, in women after breast reduction less likely to develop breast cancer. It easier to investigate in mammography.
Flaccid, sagging bust may be a consequence of pregnancy and infant feeding or the result of significant weight loss. Play a role, and hereditary factors. In addition, the bust is deformed with age.
The first real attempt to reduce the chest was made in 1897 by a doctor named Michel Poussin. Since then, many methods have been proposed and modifications have been identified and worked out the most safe and aesthetically attractive. Currently, breast surgery are common and the most frequently required procedures in the world.
As after reduction and after increasing woman's breasts feel more confident and sexually attractive. The pleasure and satisfaction, which gives patients the result of lifting or decrease, often quite disproportionate to the objective changes, which oversees the surgeon or other people!
AnatomyThe appearance of female breasts is determined by several factors, most important of which is probably genetic. The breast consists of skin and glandular tissue that is attached to the underlying muscle membrane strands of connective tissue. Around the breast and between her shares is fat. The amount of fat in the female breast varies in very wide limits, some older women's breasts consist almost entirely of fat. One of the consequences - breast size may vary depending on diet. Some women, however, the glandular tissue is much greater than fat, and the size of their breasts are less dependent on body weight.
The growth of the glands is controlled partly by hormones, which may explain why breast size may vary during the menstrual cycle or after menopause. On breast size may also affect birth control pills.
Under the mammary gland is pectoral muscle. At its lower end it merges with the transverse muscle torso. Beneath it are the edges, and then the lungs. Contrary to popular belief, a woman's breast is not muscle. Therefore, to increase her exercise is impossible. You can, of course, to develop the underlying muscle, but this will only increase the volume of the outer and upper torso, and very little effect on the size of the breast. Nor can tighten sagging chest exercises.
The upper boundary of the chest is usually in the second or third ribs, counting from the clavicle. Across the chest, it extends from the armpit to the sternum and the lower bound - the fold beneath the breast - normal is in the seventh or eighth rib. The nipple is associated with mammary gland from fifteen to twenty-five small milk ducts. In size and color the nipple and areola there is a great individual differences.
Indications for surgeryFor braces - sagging, normal-sized breasts.To reduce - too big, often sagging and unattractive breasts, chest, causing discomfort, painful conditions and interferes in some activities.
Preparation for surgery
The specific procedures in preparation for surgery on the breast is mammography (breast image in order to eliminate tumor), although it is not always required, especially for young women whose family has had breast cancer.
It is very important if you plan to reduce the overall weight, lose weight before surgery. Weight loss after surgery may adversely affect the aesthetic form of the bust.
The consultation is measured sagging breasts: do either by measuring the distance from the clavicle to the nipple, or measuring how breast hangs down below the fold underneath. May also determine one way or another volume of the breast. Chest also tested for the absence of hardening. The patient is encouraged to purchase a sports bra or surgery, which provide superior support and uniform dense encirclement after surgery.
If you smoke, it is important to stop for at least 1-2 weeks before and after surgery. Smoking reduces blood flow to the skin and can interfere with wound healing (risk of complications for smokers at least 10 times higher). Wait a little alcohol. Its excess promotes bleeding. Be sure to tell if you are taking any medications, especially aspirin and other influencing blood clotting.
Do not forget to mention co-morbidities that may cause complications after surgery: uncontrolled blood pressure, blood clotting problems, tendency to form excessive scars rough.
The surgeon should explain to you the technique operation, type of anenstezii, to describe the hospital where you reside, complications, risk and cost of operation. Do not restrain yourself, ask any questions, especially regarding the expected results. Immediately before the operation produced photographs and preoperative marking is applied
